Our Experience

In 2025, the Firm defended a nurse whose fitness to practice was called into question by the College after a complaint in File No. 3****6. The nurse was reported to the CNO by her previous employer regarding various practice issues as well as an incident that occurred at work that caused concern regarding the nurse’s mental state. In addition to the College’s investigation, the College also required the nurse to undergo an assessment with a psychiatrist to confirm her mental status. The Firm provided detailed legal submissions in response to the complaint material, providing important context for many of the allegations and providing evidence that some allegations had been exaggerated or fabricated. Following the nurse’s successful psychiatric assessment the Firm’s legal submissions, the College closed the file without taking any action against the nurse.

In 2024, the Firm represented a nurse who had been reported to the College and Association of Nurses of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (CANNTN) after leaving her position at a remote hospital in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories in File No. 3****1. The client’s employer made a formal complaint against her with the CANNTN alleging incompetence and outlining various practice issues. The Firm reviewed the evidence collected during the investigation and provided detailed legal submissions in response. The Firm presented evidence to show that management at the hospital had improperly trained the client, leading to many of the issues described in the complaint. The College reviewed the evidence and the Firm’s submissions and offered Alternative Dispute Resolution to the client. Ultimately, the file was closed without any action being taken against the client.

In 2023, the Firm represented a nurse who was reported to the College by staff at a local hospital after the nurse visited a sick family member in File No. 0****2. The nurse’s family member had spent a significant amount of time in hospital after suffering from a very serious illness. The nurse spent a considerable amount of time at the hospital as a result, taking a leave of absence from her own job to help support her sick family member. Over a period of time the relationship between the patient and their family and the care team began to deteriorate. Staff at the hospital reported the nurse client to the CNO alleging that she had performed a procedure on her family member. The Firm reviewed a large amount of disclosure evidence, discovering significant inconsistencies with the information provided by the hospital and providing important context to the complaint. The College reviewed the Firm’s legal submissions and closed the file without taking any action against the nurse.

In 2022, the Firm defended a client accused of making inappropriate and derogatory comments to a patient in File No. 0****8. The patient, who was experiencing dementia symptoms, alleged that the client had also physically assaulted them. It was further alleged that the client had requested that a physician sedate the patient to make them more manageable, despite the patient not needing to be sedated. The Firm litigated the matter, providing detailed legal submissions in response to the allegations. The matter was ultimately resolved without a finding of professional misconduct.

In 2022, the Firm successfully defended a nurse client who had been reported to the CNO by her colleagues in File No. 0***6. The client had resigned from her position as RN in a local hospital after experiencing significant conflict with other staff on her unit and within the hospital. The client reported that the environment had become highly toxic, with colleagues speaking poorly of her to other staff and blaming her for mistakes that were not hers. The complaint to the CNO included a list of allegations including documentation issues and reports of incidents that did not occur. The Firm drafted submissions in response, proving that many of the allegations had been exaggerated or fabricated. The Firm was able to show that one of the primary complainant’s had been dishonest and had intentionally misled the College. The College closed the file without taking any action against the client.

In 2022, the Firm successfully defended a nurse accused of accessing a large number of patient files who were not in her circle of care in File No. 0**65. The client was a new graduate who had been hired as a nurse on a secure forensic unit, housing individuals found not criminally responsible by way of mental disorder for various serious offences including rape and murder. During orientation, the nurse had been provided with disturbing information regarding past assaults on staff, causing her to fear for her safety. To better understand the individuals she would encounter she looked at the files of more than 40 patients. The Firm provided important context for the nurse’s actions, arguing that nurse’s also have a right to protect themselves and that the nurse’s intentions were not malicious. The College cautioned the nurse and closed the file without taking any action.

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In 2021, the Firm successfully defended a client accused of making errors with documentarian, of physically restraining a patient, and of improperly wasting medication. The nurse indicated that the complaint had been made by a disgruntled colleague. The Firm was able to gain access to surveillance footage to show that the allegations were largely fabricated. The College closed the file without taking any action.

In 2021, the Firm represented a nurse accused of engaging in a romantic and sexual relationship with the daughter of one of his patients in File No. 0**61. The nurse was reported to the CNO by the daughter of one of his patients who alleged that he had made sexual advances toward her and that they had met outside of the hospital on several occasions to engage in sexual activity. The Firm litigated the matter for more than three years, ultimately setting it down for a contested hearing. The Firm intended to call the complainant as a witness to prove that the allegations she had put forth had been largely fabricated. Just prior to the contested hearing, College counsel withdrew the allegations against the nurse. The matter was resolved with no action taken against the nurse and no notation on his record.

In 2020, the Firm successfully defended a nurse member with two different complaints before the CNO in File No. 0**27. One complaint pertained to an incident that had occurred with a patient and had been reported to the College by the patient’s family. The other allegations was a vexatious complaint made by the nurse’s abusive ex-spouse. The Firm provided evidence to show that the complainant in the second complaint had previously hospitalized the nurse client and was currently in a contentious divorce with her. The CNO closed that file without taking any action. The Firm provided legal submissions in response to the incident with the patient, proving it had not occurred as alleged. The CNO closed that file as well with no finding of professional misconduct

Understanding Workplace Investigations

In 2020, the Firm successfully defended a registered nurse who was reported to CNO by her disgruntled ex-employer in File No. 0**99. The nurse had left her position at a remote Northern Ontario hospital after experiencing a toxic work environment. Following the nurse’s departure, her employer reported her to the CNO indicating that she had taken a large number of patient records and other files and shredded them on site prior to leaving the hospital. The Firm provided evidence to prove that the hospital did not have a shredder on site and sent their documents out to a third-party company to be shredded. The CNO closed the file without taking any action against the Member.

In 2019, the Firm represented a client accused of assaulting a patient in the emergency department in File No. 0**43. The client was reported to the CNO by his employer following the incident. The client had grabbed a patient who was attacking another patient and pulled her off. The employer argued that the nurse should have waited for security to come stop the attack. The Firm obtained and reviewed surveillance footage evidence to show that it took close to one minute for security to arrive after being called. The Firm argued that the victim would have been seriously injured had the nurse permitted her to be attacked for close to a full minute. To ensure the safety of the victim, the nurse had no choice but to separate the parties. The matter was resolved without a finding of professional misconduct.

In 2018, the Firm represented a nurse accused of failing to report a sexual assault on the unit and unilaterally altering a patient’s care plan in File No. 0**93. The nurse was reported to the CNO by the patient. The Firm litigated the matter for more than a year, successfully arguing that there is no rule indicating a nurse cannot make a change to a care plan when working alongside a patient’s care team. The Firm was also able to prove that the patient had in fact not been sexually assaulted and was referring to a medically necessary procedure that was performed on her by other members of staff at the hospital. The College closed the file without a finding of professional misconduct, taking no action against the client.

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Frequently Asked Questions

If I was Fired from my Nursing Job, will I be Reported to the CNO?

Yes. A nurse who is fired for professional misconduct, incapacity, or incompetence will be reported to the College as a result. Employers have a mandatory duty to report when they terminate a nurse for any of these reasons. Similarly, when a nurse resigns from their position after there have been allegations or concerns of professional misconduct, incapacity, or incompetence, their employer has a duty to report to the CNO.

Employers must submit a report detailing the reason the nurse was terminated or resigned and outlining the concerns the employer had with the nurse. This report will be reviewed by the Inquiries, Complaints, and Reports Committee (ICRC) who will either approve or deny an investigation into the matter. If an investigation is approved, the College will appoint an investigator, and an investigation will be conducted. Just as employers have a duty to report to the CNO, the CNO has a duty to investigate any legitimate complaints it receives.

What will Happen if I am Reported to the CNO?

Once a formal complaint is lodged with the CNO, their Inquiries, Complaints, and Reports Committee (ICRC) will review it to determine whether an investigation is warranted. The CNO will not investigate where a complaint is clearly vexatious. Should the ICRC determine that an investigation is needed, they will appoint an investigator who will be tasked with gathering information regarding the complaint. If an investigator is appointed, the College will notify the nurse that a complaint has been made and that the ICRC has decided to investigate further.

Once the CNO notifies the nurse that an investigation is beginning, the investigator will carry out their investigation. This will include interviewing any relevant witnesses including the individual who made the complaint, collecting documentary evidence such as patient and/or hospital records, reviewing the nurse’s history with the CNO, and collecting any other information the investigator deems relevant. This process can, and often does, take months to complete.

Once the investigator has completed their investigation, they will send all the evidence collected to the nurse. The nurse will be given an opportunity to review the evidence and then provide written submissions in response. It is important to get legal assistance when drafting submissions to ensure they properly address the evidence, keeping in mind the relevant legal framework and CNO standards of practice.

Will I Lose my License if I have a Complaint with the CNO?

Whether or not a nurse will lose their license or have conditions place on their license as a result of a complaint will depend largely on the nature of the complaint itself. The CNO will only place conditions on a nurse’s ability to practice when there are concerns with the nurse’s competency or capacity. The CNO will only take the drastic step of suspending or revoking a nurse’s license in cases involving serious professional misconduct.

For example, a nurse who engages in an inappropriate sexual relationship with a patient has a far greater chance of being suspended or having their license revoked than a nurse who has a complaint related to documentation issues. Nurses who engage in a romantic or sexual relationship with a current patient or someone who was a patient within the last year are guilty of sexual abuse of a patient. The College views this as very serious professional misconduct which may lead to serious penalties.

Another example of behaviour that may result in the suspension or revocation of a nurse’s license is a nurse financially abusing a patient. This may include taking money from a patient, conducting business with a patient, or otherwise financially abusing a patient.

How to Resolve a Complaint prior to Discipline Committee Referral

Whether or not a complaint can be resolved at the ICRC stage will depend largely on the nature of the allegations. Once the investigation is complete and the nurse has provided their written submissions in response to the investigation material, the ICRC will review the entire file. The ICRC may resolve the matter themselves or refer the matter to the Discipline Committee who will then impose the penalty should the nurse be found guilty of professional misconduct. The ICRC will resolve a file where they feel confident that the matter is not so serious so as to warrant a formal penalty.

To resolve a matter at the ICRC stage it is important to provide strong legal submissions in response to the investigation material. This is the nurse’s chance to defend themselves and provide any evidence that may disprove the complaint. When done correctly, this will, in many cases, result in a successful outcome and avoid a Discipline Committee referral.

What is a Discipline Hearing?

When a matter is referred to the Discipline Committee by the ICRC, the Discipline Committee will oversee prosecuting the nurse. The nurse may choose to resolve the matter by pleading guilty to some or all the allegations, or the nurse may request a Discipline Hearing. At a Discipline Hearing, a lawyer hired by the College will be responsible for proving that the accused nurse is guilty of the allegations against them.

A Discipline Hearing is very similar to a criminal trial. Counsel for the College will call witnesses and present evidence to prove the accused nurse’s guilt. The accused nurse will have the opportunity to cross-examine the witnesses called by the College. The accused nurse will then be given an opportunity to present evidence of their own if they so wish.

Once both parties have finished presenting all their evidence, lawyers for the College and for the accused nurse will make closing arguments to the tribunal. The Discipline Committee will then deliberate on the matter. In some cases, the Committee can take weeks or even months to come to and provide a written decision. Should the accused nurse be found guilty of professional misconduct, a hearing will be held to determine penalty.

About the Author

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Jordan Donich

Jordan Donich has been a Lawyer for over 10 years and is a trusted legal analyst by Canadian Media. He is as a leader in Canada’s tech sector for lawyers and developer of Law Newbie. Jordan is a Black Belt with the Japan Karate Association and trained in Krav Maga. He won a Gold Medal at 2004 Canadian National Championships and was published in the National Newspaper Awards.

Jordan has been featured in Forbes, Canadian Lawyer and is a member of DMZ Angels in Toronto.